Purpose is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer and songwriter Justin Bieber. It was released on November 13, 2015 by Def Jam Recordings and School Boy Records. It serves as the follow-up to Bieber's third studio album Believe (2012), and it was developed after the release of his collection Journals (2013), which saw him in a more R&B direction. The album was created over a period of two years, in which Bieber struggled to find a musical direction for recording, scrapping each of these tracks many times. The album features guest vocals from Travis Scott, Big Sean and Halsey, and production help from Skrillex and Diplo. With the help of his personal friend and frequent collaborator Jason Boyd, Bieber started writing and recording with the idea of making an inspirational album that could encourage people through uplifting messages during a period of all his media scrutiny and his involvement in various misdemeanours, as well as his relationship with his former girlfriend Selena Gomez.